The different Between Animal Cell and Plant Cell

3.1 The Research of  Animal Cell And Plant Cell

      (The Difference Between Animal Cell and Plant Cell)

Sel Hewan                                            Sel Tumbuhan

No.	The Structure of cell Animal Cell	That can be found Plant Cell	Description
1.	Cell membrane	Cell membrane	There are  in plant cells and animal cells
2.		Cell wall	There are  in plant cells only. To give the cell shape.
3.	Cell plasma	Cell plasma	There are in plants and animal cells
4.	Cell nucleus	Cell nucleus	There's the in plants cells and animal cells
5.	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm	Globular Cytoplasm in the plant and animalcell as container plant cell organelles.

Question :

1. What are the part that you can observe from the oral mucosal tissue?
    Parts that can be observed from the oral mucosal tissue such as cell membranes,           cytoplasm, and nucleus of cells and organelles in the cytoplasm.

2. What are the part that you can observe from the tissue onion (Alium cepa)?
     Parts that can be observed from onion tissue between the mouth of another cell wall  that is not found in oral mucosal tissue cells, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus of cells and organelles in the cytoplasm.

3. What is the difference of animal cells and plant cells based on your observations?
     Based on observations, differences in animal cells with plant cells are located on the cell wall . Animal cells have no cell walls, while plant cells have There are  in plant cells only. To give the cell shape.

Globular
Cytoplasm in the plant and animalcell as container plant cell organelles.

          As for some differences between animal cells and plant cells that affect different functions that run animal cells and plant cells, among others:

Plant cell	Animal Cell
Plant cells larger than animal cells	Smaller than plant cells
Have a fixed form	Not having a fixed shape.
Have a cell wall	Has no cell wall
Have chlorophyll.	Do not have chlorophyll.
Having a cell vacuoles or a large cavity	Do not have a vacuole, although sometimes unicellular animal cells have vacuoles some (but not owned by the plants).
Saving energy in the form of grain (granular) starch.	Storing food in the form of grain (granule) of glycogen
Having no centrosome	Having the centrosome

3.2 The Structure Of Cell compilers in General

         Cell membrane.
Cell membrane composed of lipoprotein. Limiting cell membranes of all activities that occur in cells that are not easily distracted by outside influences. Because of this function, the cell membrane are 'selectively permeable', can specify only certain materials can go into and out of cells.                                                                                                          11

         Cytoplasm
The main functions of life take place in the cytoplasm. Almost all metabolic activities taking place within this viscous fluid-filled room. In the cytoplasm are organelles floating in viscous liquid (a colloid, but not homogeneous) called the matrix.

         Cell nucleus
Characteristics:

The biggest Organelle
 Diameter 10μm
 Shaped round / oval
 Porous

Function

·       Regulator of cell division

·       Controlling all activities of cells

   Carrier of genetic information

          Cell Walls

are found only in plant cells, plant cells are so sturdy and rigid or inflexible as animal cells.
        Many plant cell walls composed of cellulose, a polysaccharide consisting of polymer glucan (glucose polymer).         Some compilers cell wall compounds, among others: Hemicellulose, pectin, lignin, protein and fat.

3.3 The Organel Contained in The Cell

          RIBOSOME
Characteristics:
• smallest Structure
• Establish solid round
• Consists of two sub-units, which is both small and large subunits
Function:
• Place of protein synthesis

         ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
Characteristics:
• Compilation of the membrane-shaped nets
• The labyrinth is a lot of membrane RE

• There is a rough and smooth ER

Function:
• fat and protein synthesis (rough ER and smooth ER)
• Accommodating ribosomal proteins synthesized
• Transport of molecules
• Detoxification
• Liaison with the outside of the cell nucleus

    GOLGI COMPLEX

Characteristics:
• One of the biggest components in the cell
• Consists of a flat bag (sisternae)
• Formed from ER transport vesicles

Function:
• Place the synthesis of polysaccharides (mucus, cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin) • Form a pouch secretion
• Forming acrosome

         LISOSOM
Characteristics:
• Shaped round oval
• Sizes from 0.2 to 0.8 μm
• choose a membrane and containing a variety of enzymes (hydrolytic) of

13

the sac that emerged from the end of the trans Golgi apparatus

Function:
• Perform intracellular digestion (phagocytosis and pinositosis)
• digest food reserves when food shortages
• Autofagi (destroying the structure that is not desired)
• Autolisis (cell self destruction)
• Eksositosis (liberation of enzymes out of cells)

    Microbodies

Microbodies contain protein crystal from RE and contain catalysis and oxidize enzyme. The catalase enzyme plays its function for fat metabolism and photorespiration. Besides, it acts also as catalys in hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) decomposing, which is poisonous. Microbodies can be in the form of peroxisomes and glyoxisomes.

Peroxisomes produce hydrogen peroxide when analyzing alcohol and kills bacteria.Glyoxisomes to break fatty acid in supplying energy for plant’s embryo growth.

    PLASTID

Thera are three kinds of plastids, namely leucoplast, chromoplast, and chloroplast.

    Leucoplast

Leucoplast is an uncoloured (white) plastid. Included to this plastid are amyloplast (contains amylum), elaioplast (contains oil), and proteoplast (contain protein).

    Cloroplast

Cloroplast is a plastid that contains chlorophyll that it is used to do the photosynthesis. Chlorophyll can be found in grana. The dead and-pointed membranr system is called granum (plural: grana).

         MITOCHONDRIA

          Mitochondria are lipoprotein organelles with a shape of granules, rod or thread with full membrane                                                           

 which is selective permeable of nature.

This inner membrane has a function to regulate enzyme transfer and change ADP into ATP in cell respiration (aerobic respiration)

       VACUOLES

The mature parenchyma and collenchyma cells have vacuoles those are covered by tonoplast membranes. Vacuoles contain fluid in the form of cell sap, namely concentrated solution of mineral salts, organic acid, oxygen, carbon dioxide, pigments and metabolism residues.